SARS-CoV-2, virus and structure

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VIROLOGY:

    The study of virus taxnomy, disease-producing properties, cultivation and genetics is know a Virology. " Martinus Beijerinck" is a father of virology. He discover virus or filtered infectious substance in Tobacco plant. " Walter Reed" Discover the first human virus in 1901.


VIRUS :

A Microorganism that is smaller than bacteria, that can grow and reproduce in other living cells. Virus are not made upof cells, they cannot keep themselves in a stable state, donot grow and cannot make their own energy. Virus can see under Electron Microscope or special type of microscope.

CORONA VIRUS:

Coronaviruses cause Acute, mild upper respiratory infection(common cold).

STRUCTURE:

v  Spherical or pleomorphic enveloped particles containing single-stranded of positive sense RNA(Mr 6 X 10⁶) associated with a nucleoprotein within a capsid comprised of matrix protein.

v  The envelope bears club-shaped glycoprotein projections.

v  SARS-CoV-2 which belongs to the β coronavirus family.

v  The viral envelope of coronaviruses is typically made uo of three proteins that include the membrane protein (M), the envelope protein(E), and the spike protein (S).

 


Structure of the S protein

v  S protein with a size of 180 – 200 KDa, consists of an Extracellular N-Terminus transmembrane.

v  The S protein on the surface of the virus is a key factor in infection.

v  Glycoprotein is responsible for viral entry and it is present in all kind of HCoVs.

v The S protein of SARS-CoV is cleaved into S1 and S2 subunits by cellular proteases.


 



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